英语兔
Verb Moods 动词语气
动词语气 不是 说话语气
谓语动词
- 表示动作的时间 Tense
- 表示动作的状态（体） Aspect
- 表示动作的假设、情感等 Mood
动词语气
- 陈述语气 Indicative Mood
- 祈使语气 Imperative Mood
- 虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood
- 其他（不同语法体系）
- 疑问语气
- 条件语气
- 感叹语气
陈述语气 Indicative Mood
描述现实
- The rabbit ate the carrot.
- Did the rabbit eat the carrot?
- Was the rabbit hungry?
祈使语气 Imperative Mood
命令，请求
- Rabbit, eat the carrot!
- Please, give me a thumbs-up!
动词语气
用第二人称（你）用一般现在时态
去掉‘你’，并保证动词原形
You eat the carrot!
- Eat the carrot.
You don't eat it!
- Don't eat it!
You are quiet!
- Be quiet!
You never give up!
- Never give up!
You give me coins!
- Give me coins!
虚拟语气 Subjunctive Mood
- Subjective
- 底下的，被支配的
- 真实的
- 脑中的，主观的（康德 Immanuel Kant）
- Subjunctive
- 底下连接的
- 从句
- 真是描述脑中的情况
- 第一大用法：虚拟语气表"不可能"假设
- 第二大用法：虚拟语气表达愿望，请求，建议，命令，等.
虚拟语气： 和现在事实相反
- 如果我现在看到那只兔子的话，我会咬他。
- If I saw the rabbit now, I would bite him.
陈述语气： If I see the rabbit tomorrow, I will bite him.
虚拟语气： 和将来事实相反（可能性很小）
- 万一我明天看到那只兔子的话，我会咬他。
- If I should see the rabbit tomorrow, I would bite him.
虚拟语气： 和过去事实相反
had seen - 过去完成态形式
- 如果我看到那只兔子的话
- If I had seen the rabbit a few days ago, I would have bite him.
虚拟语气 - 表‘不可能’假设
两大用法之一
- 与现在想法
- 条件句：过去式
- 主句： would + 动词原形
- If I were you, I would give this video a thumbs-up.
- 与将来相反 - 可能性小
- 条件句：should + 动词原形
- 主句： would + 动词原形
- If should meet thee after long years, how should I greet thee?
- 万一我们将来重逢了，我又该如何面对你呢？ shall - should
- 与过去相反
- 条件句：had + 动词过去分词
- 主句： would have + 动词过去分词
- If I had watched this video before, I would have aced my test.
- 我要是之前就看了这个视频，那绝对能考个好成绩。
- shall - should
- will - would
- can - could
- may - might
虚拟语气 - 表达愿望，请求，建议，命令等
- wish 希望 可能性小
- would rather
- other - should + 动词原形
- demand
- sugggest
- insist
- order
- 对现在的愿望
- 对过去的愿望
- wish + had/would have + 动词过去分词
- 对将来的愿望
- wish + would/could/might/should + 动词原形
- I wish that I were a rabbit.
- If I were a rabbit, I would eat a carrot.
- I wish you were here!
- I wish(that) I had eatten the carrot.
- I wish(that) I could eat the carrot.
- would rather
- I would rather that you didn't eat the carrot.
- 我宁愿你不会吃那胡萝卜。
- I would rather that you hadn't eatten the carrot.
- 我宁愿你没吃掉那胡萝卜。
- I would rather that you didn't eat the carrot.
- demand
- I demand that you should give me a carrot.
- 我要求你给我一根胡萝卜。
- should 可以省略
- I demand that you give me a carrot.
- I demanded that you should give me a carrot.
- 我之前要求你给我一根胡萝卜
- I suggest that you should give me a carrot.
- 我建议你给我一根胡萝卜。
- I insist that you should give me a carrot.
- 我坚持你给我一根胡萝卜。
- I order that you should give me a carrot.
- 我命令你给我一根胡萝卜。
- I demand that you should give me a carrot.
- I suggest that you (should) eat a carrot.(宾语从句)
- It is suggested that you (should) eat a carrot. (主语从句)
- The suggestion is that you (should) eat a carrot.(主语补语/表语从句)
- It is (high) time that you ate a carrot.(定语从句)